Metaphor Annotation Study

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This study is conducted by University of Melbourne and has gone through an ethics review. Please read the full consent form before proceeding.

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  • This study contains comprehension checks (5 additional questions) at the start to make sure that participants are finishing the tasks honestly and completely. If you fail these checks, your submission will be returned or rejected, and you will not be able to take part in other tasks in this project unless we re-approve your submission.
  • The study contains 10 questions for which we know correct answers. The participants who follow the instructions well and answer such questions correctly will receive a bonus and will be invited personally for follow-up tasks.
  • If for some reason you fail to complete all 50 questions (for example close the study before completing it) the study will be returned to you.

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Metaphor Annotation Study - Instructions

Please read through all instructions carefully before starting the study.

What is this study about?

A metaphor is when you describe something by saying it is something else, even though it's not literally true. For example, we can say "They are forced to make a decision" while there is no actual physical force applied to them.

When using a metaphor, we are carrying over associations from a more tangible and specific source domain (such as physical force or pressure) to a more abstract target domain (such as obligation).

In this study, you will need to identify the source domain of the metaphor.

It is helpful to remember that the source domain is usually a more specific, physical thing (force, pressure) that provides the conceptual structure for understanding the metaphor.

How does the task work?

You will see sentences with highlighted words that are used metaphorically, along with a list of 5 potential source domains. Your task is to select the source domain for the highlighted metaphor which represents associations and meaning carried over to the target domain.

You can select up to 3 source domains that apply to the metaphor.

For each sentence, you will first see the sentence to be annotated with source. The process is:

If you think that the highlighted word is not used as a metaphor in this sentence, select "NO METAPHOR"

  • Source Annotation: Read the sentence carefully, focus on the highlighted metaphorical word, and select up to 3 appropriate source domains from the given options
  • You can select "OTHER DOMAIN" along with other domains if needed
  • If you select "OTHER DOMAIN", please fill in your suggestion in the provided text box
Example 1
The city's tax revenues are expected to be lower because of stagnant personal incomes.

Which source domain(s) best represent how "stagnant" is used in this context?

You can select up to 3 domains. You can select "OTHER DOMAIN" along with other domains.

MOVEMENT
KNEE
MATERIALS & SUBSTANCES
HEALTH & MEDICINE
WATER
NO METAPHOR
Example 2
Commenting on the effects of climate change, Natasha Harradine spotlighted the term "solastalgia".

Which source domain(s) best represent how "spotlighted" is used in this context?

You can select up to 3 domains. You can select "OTHER DOMAIN" along with other domains.

CENTER & PERIPHERY
LIGHT & DARK
SPIDER
PICTURE
SKELETON
THEATER
NO METAPHOR
Example 3
Deborah Lupard, just out of New York University in 1975 and embarking on a film career, rented a studio loft for around $300.

Which source domain(s) best represent how "embarking" is used in this context?

You can select up to 3 domains. You can select "OTHER DOMAIN" along with other domains.

MOVEMENT
JOURNEYS & TRIPS
WALKING, RUNNING & JUMPING
EROSION
BOAT
NO METAPHOR
Example 4
Žiggy Pálffy's goal and three assists knock Martin out of a share of first place.

Which source domain(s) best represent how "knock" is used in this context?

You can select up to 3 domains. You can select "OTHER DOMAIN" along with other domains.

FIST
DOORS & THRESHOLDS
SOUND
PRESENCE & ABSENCE
BOXING
NO METAPHOR

Metaphor Annotation Study - Comprehension Questions

⚠️ COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
Please answer these questions carefully. These are quality control questions to ensure you understand the task.
Comprehension Question 1 of 0

Please carefully read the sentence and select the appropriate source domain(s) for the highlighted metaphor.

Loading...

Which source domain(s) best represent how "word" is used in this context?

You can select up to 3 domains. You can select "OTHER DOMAIN" along with other domains.

Selected: 0/3

Comprehension Check Result

❌ Not Eligible to Continue

Thank you for your time. Unfortunately, you did not pass the required comprehension checks.

This study includes 5 control questions to ensure data quality. Since you answered more than 2 incorrectly, you are not eligible to continue with the annotation task.

You will not be able to take part in the annotation exercise.

Batch 1 of X

Metaphor Annotation Study

Sample 1 of 0

Sample 1 of 0

Please carefully read the sentence and select up to 3 appropriate source domains for the highlighted metaphor.

Loading...
Please read the text carefully. Options will appear in:
10

Take your time to understand the metaphor before selecting domains.

Which source domain(s) best represent how "word" is used in this context?

You can select up to 3 domains. You can select "OTHER DOMAIN" along with other domains.

Study Completed!

Thank you for participating in our metaphor annotation study.

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Please save this code for your records.

Study Instructions

×
What is this study about? ▼

A metaphor is when you describe something by saying it is something else, even though it's not literally true. For example, we can say "They are forced to make a decision" while there is no actual physical force applied to them.

When using a metaphor, we are carrying over associations from a more tangible and specific source domain (such as physical force or pressure) to a more abstract target domain (such as obligation).

In this study, you will need to identify the source domain of the metaphor.

It is helpful to remember that the source domain is usually a more specific, physical thing (force, pressure) that provides the conceptual structure for understanding the metaphor.

How does the task work? ▼

You will see sentences with highlighted words that are used metaphorically, along with a list of 5 potential source domains. Your task is to select the source domain for the highlighted metaphor which represents associations and meaning carried over to the target domain.

You can select up to 3 source domains that apply to the metaphor.

For each sentence, you will first see the sentence to be annotated with source. The process is:

If you think that the highlighted word is not used as a metaphor in this sentence, select "NO METAPHOR"

  • Source Annotation: Read the sentence carefully, focus on the highlighted metaphorical word, and select up to 3 appropriate source domains from the given options
  • If you think that the highlighted word is not used as a metaphor in this sentence, select "NO METAPHOR"
  • You can select "OTHER DOMAIN" along with other domains if needed
  • If you select "OTHER DOMAIN", please fill in your suggestion in the provided text box
What should I consider when choosing? ▼

To choose the source domain, consider what the word refers to in its physical sense rather than what it represents or means.

The options you see are in a random order; sometimes there is a better, more relevant source domain down the list. Remember that you can choose several source domains, and do not jump at the first one.

Some of the highlighted words might be unfamiliar to you, though we tried to remove rare words. Please look them up to find their original, physical meaning.

Examples

×

Comprehension Check Summary

The city's tax revenues are expected to be lower because of stagnant personal incomes.
MOVEMENT
KNEE
MATERIALS & SUBSTANCES
HEALTH & MEDICINE
WATER
To choose the source domain, consider what "stagnant" refers to in its physical sense ("water") rather than what it represents or means ("lack of movement"). Thus, choose WATER (rather than MOVEMENT) as a source domain.
Commenting on the effects of climate change, Natasha Harradine spotlighted the term "solastalgia".
CENTER & PERIPHERY
LIGHT & DARK
SPIDER
PICTURE
SKELETON
THEATER
"Spotlighted" draws from multiple source domains: LIGHT & DARK (the literal spotlight), PICTURE (photographic spotlight), and THEATER (stage spotlight). All three are valid interpretations of how the metaphor works.
Deborah Lupard, just out of New York University in 1975 and embarking on a film career, rented a studio loft for around $300.
MOVEMENT
JOURNEYS & TRIPS
WALKING, RUNNING & JUMPING
EROSION
BOAT
"Embarking" draws from both JOURNEYS & TRIPS (starting a journey) and BOAT (getting on a boat). Both are valid source domains for this metaphor.
Žiggy Pálffy's goal and three assists knock Martin out of a share of first place.
FIST
DOORS & THRESHOLDS
SOUND
PRESENCE & ABSENCE
BOXING
"Knock" in this context refers to the boxing sense of knocking someone out of first place, displacing them from their position. This is a clear example of a sports metaphor.